Back to College Post-Holiday Effect

So, the summer holidays are over and once again students have to plunge into classes, lectures, homework, essay writing and other lovely things. For some it is akin to coming home, for others†¦ not so much. If you are one of these ‘others’, read our tips – hopefully they will help you re-accommodate yourself to learning process without too much trouble. 1. Give Yourself a Jolt When you get back to college after a long break you have to, willy-nilly, change the whole set of habits and routines you’ve formed during that break. So be radical about it and change some habits you don’t have any immediate need of changing. For example, if you have to get up at 7 to get to your classes in time, go an extra mile and start getting up at 6 (while going to sleep earlier, of course). This will give your brain and your organism in general a jolt, send them a signal: â€Å"Something new has begun, no more lying in bed till 10†. It is much easier to build a completely new set of habits than to try and include new habits into an old system. And nothing is better for breaking up old routines than moving the time you get up a couple of hours earlier. 2. Start Your Day Well-Rested, Well-Fed, Well-Exercised It couples nicely with the first tip – if you get up early you will have enough time to make some morning exercises or go for a jog and eat a proper breakfast. Your first meal of the day is also the most important one – it provides you with energy during the crucial early hours, and you go about it right you will be able to make this period much less stressful. As for exercise, 10-20 minutes spent on it will come back to you a hundredfold – you will be less sleepy later on, as well as more effective and attentive during your classes. 3. Make Plans and Follow Them Your getting back to work will be much less painful if you do it on your own terms. Define what exactly and how much you are going to do every day and every week, and do your best to complete this set of tasks. Plan realistically, so that you won’t be overwhelmed by the amount of work you have to do. You’ll have a lot of tasks that require continuous work, sometimes for weeks and months. Don’t put them off till the last moment – spread them thin over your academic year and you will be able to deal with each assignment without stressing out. 4. Divide and Conquer Some tasks will look insurmountable, you will be unable to see how to handle them and where to start. Break them up into smaller, more manageable parts, into steps you can do at one sitting – and pick them off one by one. Going back to college after holidays is always hard; there’s nothing wrong if you feel that way. But it’s wise to follow these simple hints – they’ll help you re-accommodate to studies much, much easier.

The Importance Of Nutrition And Supportive Environment

1000 days of development- Global context The first 1000 days of life is defined as the duration starting from period of conception up to 2 years of child age.After several evidences have been found that nutrition plays an extremely important role in the early childhood development, to be specific, within 1000 days of period between conception to 2nd Birthday of child(1), the global movement of The First Thousand Days has started in 2010 in Washington DC. (2) The effect of receiving sufficient nutrients and support during this 1000 days opportunity window does not end at 2 years of age but does have long-term impact.(2). It is very important to have enough nutrition and supportive environment in the early childhood since it is a period where the vital development is growing. (3) It can increase the cognitive and motor development through brain development and encouraging the growth, strengthen social performance, learning capacity at the individual level (2-8). Being a healthy child with supportive environment lead to decrease in mortality and morbidity(4, 8). Education and being healthy encourages less dependency on welfare, greater success at school and higher rates of employment, greater involvement in society and less anxiety, lesser rates of chronic non-communicable diseases leading to increase in GDP by as much as 12% and productivity since every one-dollar investment in 1000 days return 48 dollars. (2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10). 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WHO has highlighted some of the aspects which may contribute in obesity in children, including environment, food choice (such as HFSS), and mother’s health during pregnancy (gestational diabetes), parent’s acknowledge, marketing (targeting children) and digitalized world (encourage inactivity and sedentaryRead MoreBarriers to Health Promotion and Disease Prevention1563 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of enabling people to increase control over their h ealth and to improve it. This process requires personal participation and supportive environments. For people with disabilities, however, personal participation is often limited by non-supportive environments. Lack of knowledge on how to modify programs to meet specific needs, poor attitudes, and unfriendly environments often creates insurmountable barriers to participation for many people with disabilities. 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Industry Comparison Travel Industry

Questions: 1. Choose an industry of interest where several companies have developed online e-business strategies with public B2C web sites. This industry might include traditional companies operating as bricks-and-clicks firms, as well as dot-com companies. 2. After you have looked at several public websites for companies in this industry, select 3 or 4 companies you think will provide an interesting comparison about how companies are leveraging the internet today. (Hint: you might want to include one company with a website you think is significantly inferior to at least one other company site.) 3. Analyze each of the websites in terms of the overall look and feel   of the site from the perspective of the targeted consumer, as well as how well each website has addressed the 7Cs in the model developed by Rayport and Jaworski (described at the end of Chapter 7 in the textbook). 4. Write up your findings, including the following content: Introduce the industry you selected and the websites you selected. Include the reasons why you chose this industry and these particular companies, and include the URL for each site. Describe and also compare the ways that these companies websites address the 7Cs and any other characteristics you wish to emphasize. For example: How easy was it to identify the content or services available? How easy was it to navigate between pages? Did the site download easily? Was the use of graphics and animation appropriate for the target audience? Were the linking capabilities of the Web exploited? Was there a sense of community ? Was a privacy policy available and easy to find? Based on your analyses, provide some recommendations for the company whose website you considered to be the weakest. Be sure your ideas are appropriate for the industry you selected, and take into account whether companies in this industry traditionally have sold directly to end-consumers or not and using what channels (e.g., catalog, physical store, or via a distributor). 5 . Use outside resources to provide current statistics and forecasts for the industry you selected, as well as any information about B2B applications that the companies may be using. Be sure to provide full citations to all third-party sources, including a last date accessed  for all references to a URL. Answers: Introduction The travel industry around the world is growing at a steep rate and the travel industry of Saudi Arabia is not behind. In addition to this, the online travel companies are helping the industry to grow. The customers can sit at their home and carry out an entire research about the travel packages and the places of visit before booking any package (De Mooij, 2013). According to a study that was carried out in the year 2013, the online travel industry was expected to cross $1.9 billion in the year 2014 (Gazette, 2013). The online travel industry nearly doubled since the year 2011 when the value was around $1 billion (Tnooz, 2013). The chairman of council of economic and development reforms,SaudiArabia, Muhammed Bin Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud implemented the vision 2030 where the travel industry plays a vital role. Makka and Medina sees a huge footfall in Saudi Arabia. The following graph shows the increase in the number of tourists in Saudi Arabia: Figure 1: The rise in the footfall of the tourists in Saudi Arabia Source: (Business Wolf, 2016) The above graph is another proof that the number of footfalls have risen steeply for the tourism industry. The number of footfalls that was 3325000 in the year 1995 has risen to 18259000 in the year 2014. The use of the online sites has also risen and the competition among the sites has deepened. A study of the sites is necessary to understand the features incorporated in them to help the customers in various ways. To study the online travel industry of Saudi Arabia, the following companies are being chosen for the present report: Ace Travel (URL: https://www.ace-travel.com/atnew/index.html) Zamil Travel (URL: https://zamiltravel.com/site/index) Attar Travel (URL: https://www.attartravel.com/) Global Travel Solutions (URL: https://gts.travel/GtsTravel.aspx) The comparisons between the online travel industries will help the readers to understand the features that the travelling industry use and the level of competition among the online travel sites. While the names of the websites were searched, the names of the above-mentioned sites were the most popular ones than the other websites present. Analysis using 7Cs Context The appearances of the websites are commendable. Out of the four websites, none of them can be termed weak or strong as far as the functionality and the beauty of the website are concerned. Out of the four websites, Global Travel Solutions can be preferred by the customers in the first look as along with the travel packages, it gives information regarding currency exchange, world atlas, weather forecast and time converter- all four are some of the important requirements while travelling at international locations (Czinkota Ronkainen, 2013). Content The use of graphics and the pictures are used appropriately in all the four websites. The place to search the travel packages and hotel are mentioned in the 1st page of the website and hence the users would not have any problem handling the websites. In this context, Zamil Travel is stronger than others as it shows the latest deal in the home page along with the price of the package (Zamiltravel.com, 2016). However, the biggest drawback of Ace Travel is that it does not let the users book hotels with their site. The users can book only flights by using the site of Ace Travel (Ace-travel.com, 2016). Some of the hotel deals can be found but that the choice is limited for the users. The ease of B2B business can be availed at Global Travel Solutions and Ace Travel. The corporate companies can contact the company for arranging events, booking hotels and flights for the employees of the organization. However, as Ace Travel is not well-acquainted with hotel bookings, hence, global travel so lution will be stronger than Ace Travel. Commerce Out of the four websites, Global Travel Solutions and Ace Travel have the capability to do commercial transactions like converting the currencies. All the four websites can help the customers booking the tickets and the hotels online but Global Travel Solutions and Ace Travel stand out in the crowd for helping the users with the currency converter. Even though Attar Travel opens other external links, yet the products sold in the links are out of context and hence, success of the commercial transactions with the use of the external links is under question mark (Shani Chalasani, 2013). Customization Customization of the website in only available for Attar Travels as the user can change the language of the website (Attartravel.com, 2016). However, as the option is only available for language, the customization might not help the company to get business from the international locations. Customizations of the travel packages are available at Ace Travel. The section for customization in the bottom of the website where the users have to fill in their information along with their contact details and the customized package will be send to the customers in the mail ID provided. Community Attar Travels gives the sense of community to the customers of Saudi Arabia by making an alternate way of changing the language of the website to the language of Saudi Arabia. It might help the Attar Travel to create a sense of community among the users of Saudi Arabia and who are natives of the county but in the international level, it might not help the company. If the company would have created some other language changing options then it would have helped the company to get an international recognition (De Mooij, 2013). Communication As far as the communication is concerned, all the websites have the Contact us tab. The communication of Ace Travel is the weakest. When all the websites have their mentioned their offices, Ace Travel does not have any. The communications of Global Travel Solutions seem to be the strongest as it has nine offices, that is maximum as compared to other websites (Gts.travel, 2016). The privacy policy of the websites are not available at one go for all the four websites. All the websites talked about their functions, core values and responsibility but the privacy policy is not mentioned. It might happen that the privacy policy will be available once a user will book any hotel or flights online. Connection Attar Travel helps the users with certain external links like hair transplants and weight loss. However, the links do not match the types of industry Attar Travel is functioning. Conclusions and Recommendations After going through the websites, it can be said that the all the websites have made use of proper pictures, graphics and animations to attract the customers. After looking into every aspect of the websites, it can be concluded that global travel solution is the strongest website out of all. On the other hand, attar travel has to do a lot of planning to make their website up to the mark. The tab coming soon does not have any result. Once the tab is present, the customers will expect some information. It is recommended that Attar Travel should either put information in that tab or make the tab visible only when there is some new incorporation will happen in the website. As far as Ace Travel is concerned, it is recommended that the website should explore the hotel bookings as well and make more options visible for the users online. The history suggests that ace travel is a well-known organization. However, online booking is booking is used by all. To stay in the competition of online b ookings, Ace Travel should develop their website as per the need. References Ace-travel.com,. (2016).Ace Travel.Ace-travel.com. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://www.ace-travel.com/atnew/plan.html Attartravel.com,. (2016).Attar Travel | Best Travel Packages Holidays From Saudi Arabia To All Over The World.Attartravel.com. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://www.attartravel.com/# Business Wolf,. (2016).Saudi Arabia vision 2030: Will the dream come true? How?.Business Wolf. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://businesswolf.org/saudi-arabia-vision-2030-will-the-dream-come-true-how/ Czinkota, M. R., Ronkainen, I. A. (2013).International marketing. Cengage Learning. De Mooij, M. (2013).Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. Sage Publications. Gazette, S. (2013).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.English.alarabiya.net. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/economy/2013/11/03/Saudi-Arabia-s-online-travel-industry-to-exceed-1-9bn-in-2014-shows-study.html Gts.travel,. (2016).Online Hotel and Package.Gts.travel. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://gts.travel/GtsTravel.aspx?enc=L43Z5t+uiJsiRAHOC+XxbnL35lGAw2bsegK5rKjz9DUlLCkkiwCXys5GnrBR9CFzVDi67HMsRC5UDufGnawbUafHaRLcEbUEhqYXyUr5+9M= Shani, D., Chalasani, S. (2013). Exploiting niches using relationship marketing.Journal of Services Marketing. Tnooz,. (2013).Saudi Arabia leads booming Middle East online travel sector.Tnooz. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://www.tnooz.com/article/saudi-arabia-leads-booming-middle-east-online-travel-sector/ Zamiltravel.com,. (2016).Saudi Arabia Travel Agency | Corporate Travel Solutions in Saudi Arabia.Zamiltravel.com. Retrieved 20 December 2016, from https://zamiltravel.com/site/index

The historical evolution of the conceptual model Essay Example

The historical evolution of the conceptual model Essay The â€Å"Callista Roy Adaptation Model† for Nursing started during the time Sr. Callista Roy started he masteral program in the pediatric nursing University of Los Angeles, California in 1964.   On that time she was under the guidance of Dorothy E. Johnson who serve as her advisor and seminar faculty.   Upon reading her teacher’s work on the need to define the goal of nursing as a way of focusing the development of knowledge practice, she was impressed.   Even if she had just read a little about the concept of adaptation and was impressed with the resiliency of children she had cared for in pediatrics.   Her advisor inspired her to develop on a concept of adaptation as a framework for nursing. One of the significant model used to developed this model by Roys’ was the concept by von Bertalanffy was an important early concept of the model, as was the work of Helson.   Helson defined adaptation as a process of responding positively to environmental change s and described three types of stimuli, focal, contextual and residual. Dr. Roy made appropriate derivations of these concepts for use in describing situations of people in health and illness. Other authors that influenced the early development of the central concepts of the model included Dohrenwend, Lazarus, Mechanic, and Selye. The view of the person as an adaptive system took shape from this early work with the cognator and regulator being added as the major internal processes of the adapting person. (Meyer, 2005)The second phase of the development of the model was the 17 years of work with faculty at Mount St. Marys College in Los Angeles. The model became the framework for a nursing-based integrated curriculum in March 1970, the same month that the first article on the model was published in Nursing Outlook. The four adaptive modes were added as the ways in which adaptation is manifested and thus as the basis for nursing assessment. Specifically a content analysis was done on 500 samples of patient behavior from all clinical areas, collected by the nursing students and major categories named as physiologic, self concept, role function and interdependence. Contributors to the theoretical development of the adaptive modes included: Marie Driever for self-concept; Brooke Randell for role function, and Joyce Van Landingham and Mary Tedrow for interdependence. Marsha Sato helped identify both common and primary stimuli affecting the adaptive modes and Joan Cho developed clinical tools for assessment. Many other faculty from Mount St. Marys College were involved in writing the first three textbooks on the model in 1976, 1984 and 1991. (Meyer, 2005)Approach to the Development of Nursing Knowledge.In the process of analysis of concepts, two main thoughts can be identified: the essentialist and the evolutionary. In the first, the purpose of analysis is to define the concept of interest in terms of its critical attributes or essence, whereas in the evolutionary th ought, one considers concepts as being dynamic, indistinct rather than finite, absolute and clear crystal, dependent on the context, and having pragmatic usefulness or purpose.The concern for the development of concepts becomes even more important when we report to its use in nursing theories. In them, some concepts are considered central, such as person, environment, health and nursing. According to what has been previously exposed, these concepts suffer variations in their definitions according to the view of the theorist.Specifically with regards to the environment concept, Roy asserts that there are at least four different ways through which it is examined in nursing studies. In the first approach, the concept is called under specified meta-paradigm construct, which is compatible with the notion of environment as a mediating presence. The second view sees environment as the communicative context, that is, the phenomena under study exist in the social and historical position of t he person. The third way to conceptualize the environment is to define it as social positions of an open field, where the nurses social position can be seen as positive when related to patients and negative for the professions institutional subordination to medicine. Lastly, the environment is still conceptualized as a survey list of extraneous variables, where effects that modify the variables of a hypothesis diminish the generalization of theoriesFour Essential Concepts of NursingThis model is comprised of the four domain concepts of person, health, environment, and nursing and involves a six step nursing process.   Andrews Roy (1991) state that the person can be a representation of an individual or a group of individuals.   Roys models see the person as a biopsychosocial being in constant interaction with a changing environment (Rambo, 1984).   The person is an open, adaptive system who uses coping skills to deal with stressors.   Roy sees the environment as all conditio ns, circumstances and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person (Andrews ; Roy, 1991).   Roy describes stressors as stimuli and uses the term residual stimuli his model is comprised of the four domain concepts of person, health, environment, and nursing and involves a six step nursing process.   Andrews ; Roy (1991) state that the person can be a representation of an individual or a group of individuals.   Roys models see the person as a biopsychosocial being in constant interaction with a changing environment (Rambo, 1984).   The person is an open, adaptive system who uses coping skills to deal with stressors.   Roy sees the environment as all conditions, circumstances and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person (Andrews Roy, 1991).   Roy describes stressors as stimuli and uses the term residual stimuliPERSONS AND RELATING PERSONS · An adaptive system with coping processes · Described as a whole comprised of parts · Functions as a unity for some purpose · Includes people as individuals or in groups (families, organizations, communities, nations, and society as a whole) · An adaptive system with cognator and regulator subsystems acting to maintain adaptation in the four adaptive modes: physiologic-physical, self-concept-group identity, role function, and interdependenceENVIRONMENT · All conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting the development and behavior of persons and groups with particular consideration of mutuality of person and earth resources · Three kinds of stimuli: focal, contextual, and residual · Significant stimuli in all human adaptation include stage of development, family, and cultureHEALTH AND ADAPTATION · Health: a state and process of being and becoming integrated and whole that reflects person and environmental mutuality · Adaptation: the process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons, as individua ls and in groups, use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration · Adaptive Responses: responses that promotes integrity in terms of the goals of the human system, that is, survival, growth, reproduction, mastery, and personal and environmental transformation · Ineffective Responses: responses that do not contribute to integrity in terms of the goals of the human system · Adaptation levels represent the condition of the life processes described on three different levels: integrated, compensatory, and compromisedNURSING · Nursing is the science and practice that expands adaptive abilities and enhances person and environment transformation · Nursing goals are to promote adaptation for individuals and groups in the four adaptive modes, thus contributing to health, quality of life, and dying with dignity · This is done by assessing behavior and factors that influence adaptive abilities and by intervening to expand those abilities and to enha nce environmental interactionsNURSING PROCESS · A problem solving approach for gathering data, identifying the capacities and needs of the human adaptive system, selecting and implementing approaches for nursing care, and evaluation the outcome of care provided1. Assessment of Behavior: the first step of the nursing process, which involves gathering data about the behavior of the person as an adaptive system in each of the adaptive modes2. Assessment of Stimuli: the second step of the nursing process, which involves the identification of internal and external stimuli that are influencing the person’s adaptive behaviors. Stimuli are classified as: 1) Focal- those most immediately confronting the person; 2) Contextual-all other stimuli present that are affecting the situation and 3) Residual- those stimuli whose effect on the situation are unclear.3. Nursing Diagnosis: step three of the nursing process, which involves the formulation of statements that interpret data about th e adaptation status of the person, including the behavior and most relevant stimuli4. Goal Setting: the forth step of the nursing process which involves the establishment of clear statements of the behavioral outcomes for nursing care.5. Intervention: the fifth step of the nursing process, which involves the determination of how best to assist the person in attaining the established goals6. Evaluation: the sixth and final step of the nursing process, which involves judging the effectiveness of the nursing intervention in relation to the behavior after the nursing intervention in comparison with the goal established.Relationship among the Four Concepts gives an important aspect that human being needs such as biological, psychological and social need in order to adapt to its environment and attain great good health. The sources of this problem are the internal and external variables. The internal variables include the biological, psychological and cognitive. The biological source invo lves the genes of the human being, their sex and age, and its developmental level. The psychological problem involves mind and body interaction and self-concepts. The cognitive problem involves the lifestyle choice and spiritual religious beliefs. The sources of problems under the external variables are the environment. The climate, the surroundings and the geographic locations are some of the factors in the environment, which affects the adaptation of human being. The standard of living involves hygiene, food habit and propensity. Family and its cultural belief is also one of the external variables. The social support network involves the job satisfaction. These are the sources of problem that is beyond the control of human being. It is better to know this problem to avoid the illnesses that experience by human being.This theory of adaptive model is applicable to modern nursing. Roy’s work focuses on the increasing complexity of person and the environment self organization a nd on the relationship between the persons universe and what can be considered as Supreme Being or god. Since the focus of this model is the stability in health.The short fall of this concept model is that, Sister Callista Roy philosophical assumption â€Å"Person and earth are one and that they in god and of god† is not being defined or relate it clearly with the four concept of the adaptation model. It also lack of the three aspect of wellness like the occupational, spiritual and environmental.The internal structure of the conceptual model is logically consistent. With sights to improvement of this difficulty, we highlight the application importance of theoretical landmarks for a better knowledge construction in nursing, in intention of deepening the rendered assistance. The adaptation model utilization, presented validity and applicability in the study at issue, once it enabled the determination of important aspects for the nursing assistance the women with angina pectoris , considering them like a biopsychosocial, adaptive and holistic being. It contributed of significant form for the proposed goal, enabling a vision enlarged of the theory of Sister Callista Roy, elucidating her importance of the same for the nursing development, in the teaching, research and assistance scopes.The conceptual model is socially congruent. Because of the purpose of the theory is to promote adaptation in the environment based on the four modes. The person is affected by environmental stimuli. The focal stimulus is a change immediately confronting the person that requires adaptive response. Accompanying the focal stimulus are contextual and residual stimuli, which mediate and contribute to the effect of stimulus. It is socially significant, because it helps to develop the social interaction of the client to the family and to the other people or to the community, which is essential part of the society.The model leads to nursing actions that make the important differences i n the client’s health status. The goal of nursing is â€Å"to promote adaptation by the use of nursing process, in each of the adaptive modes, thus contributing to the health, quality of life and dying with dignity. The criterion for judging when the goal has been reached in generally any positive response made by the recipient to the stimuli present that frees energy for responses to other stimuli.† The goal of adaptation is fostered through nursing assessment and intervention, with the client as an active participant.The over all contribution of these adaptation gives the nurse, student nurse and client in the community to realize the importance of being able to adapt the dynamically changing human nursing by providing the four modes or concept which is important in improving the client health status. The goal of Callista Roy model to enhance life processes through adaptation in four adaptive modes.References:Andrews, H., Roy, C. (1991).   The Adaptation Model. No rwalk: Appleton Lange.Mckenna, Hugh (1997) Nursing Theories and Model.   London: Routledge. 8:223-243Meyer, Kate (2005)   The Roy’s Adaptation Model. Last Modified: December 5, 2005. Boston College. Available online   : www2.bc.edu/~royca/htm/ram.htmRambo, B.   (1984).   Adaptive Nursing. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders CompanyRoy C. (1995) Developing nursing knowledge: practice issues raised from four philosophical perspectives. Nurs Sci Q. * (5) 79-85.SciELO Brazil (2005) Historical evolution of the concept environment proposed in the Roy adaptation model.   Last Modified: November 22, 2005.   . Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirà £o Preto / Universidade de Sà £o Paulo. Available online: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttextpid=S0104-11692006000200016lng=esnrm=tlng=en